May is Arthritis awareness Month!

What is Arthritis?

Arthritis is a group of conditions that affect the joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It is one of the leading causes of disability globally, affecting millions of people across all age groups.

Its an umbrella term for joint-related disorders. The most common types include:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) – caused by wear and tear of cartilage
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) – an autoimmune disorder
  • Gout – caused by uric acid buildup
  • Psoriatic Arthritis – linked to psoriasis

Common Symptoms 

Arthritis symptoms may vary but often include:

  • Joint pain and tenderness
  • Swelling and inflammation around the joints
  • Stiffness, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity
  • Limited range of motion
  • Fatigue (common in RA)
  • Redness or warmth over affected joints

Prevention Tips

While not all types of arthritis are preventable, you can reduce your risk or delay its progression by: 

1. Maintaining a Healthy Weight to Reduce pressure on joints

2. Avoiding Joint Injuries – Use protective gear during physical activity

3. Staying Active – Keeps joints flexible and muscles strong

4. Eating a Balanced Diet – Anti-inflammatory foods may help.

5. Don’t Smoke – Smoking worsens Rheumatoid Arthritis in particular and slows healing

6. Monitor Blood Sugar – Diabetes increases arthritis risk.

Treatment Options

Management depends on the type and severity of arthritis. Treatments aim to relieve symptoms and improve joint function.

1. Medications

NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen) for pain and inflammation

DMARDs (e.g., methotrexate) for RA

Steroids for flare-ups

Biologics for autoimmune arthritis

(Always use under medical supervision)

2. Physical and Occupational Therapy

Exercises to strengthen muscles around joints

Assistive tools to ease daily tasks

3. Lifestyle Changes

Regular physical activity

Weight management

Adequate rest

Stress reduction

4. Surgery (for severe cases)

Joint repair, replacement (e.g., hip or knee), or fusion

Key Tips for those living with Arthritis 

  1. Use warm compresses to ease stiffness
  2. Practice joint-friendly movements
  3. Break tasks into smaller steps to avoid overexertion
  4. Use ergonomic tools and supportive footwear

When to See a Doctor

Consult a healthcare provider if you experience:

  • Persistent joint pain or swelling
  • Morning stiffness lasting more than an hour
  • Difficulty performing daily tasks
  • Family history of arthritis

N/B: Arthritis is a manageable condition with the right care and early intervention. Be Informed always.